Question 11: What is the human relations movement?
Question 12: What is human relations skill?
Question 13: What is management science?
Question 14: Discuss the characteristics of the management science
applications.
Question 15: What is the contingency approach to management?
Question 16: What is the systems approach to management?
Question 17: What is a system?
Question 18: List and describe two types of systems.
Question 19: What is the relationship between ‘system’ and
‘wholeness’?
Question 20: What is a management system?
Question 21: What are the parts of the management system and how do
they function?
Question 22: What is triangular management?
Question 23: What is a learning organization?
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ANSWERS


Answer 11: Your answer should be similar to the follow:
The human relations movement is a people-oriented approach to management.
The objective is being to enhance organizational success through people. Human
relation skills are those skills needed to work with people in such a way as to
enhance company success. Abraham Maslow and Douglas McGregor are big
advocates of the human relations movement.
Answer 12: Your answer should be similar to the follow:
Human relations skill is the ability to work with people in a way that enhances
organizational success.
Answer 13: Your answer should be similar to the follow:
The management science is the application of the scientific method to operational
problems to arrive at a solution to those problems. As such, mathematical
models must be constructed to represent the system. The problem’s solution is
found by solving the equations that represent the system. In contrast to the
classical and behavioral approaches to managing, the management science
approach advocates the use of the scientific method to increase production
efficiency.
Answer 14: Your answer should be similar to the follow:
There are four primary characteristics of management science application. First,
the management problems are so complicated that managers need help in
analyzing a large number of variable. Second, economic implications are used as
guidelines for making a decision. Third, mathematical models are useful in
investigating the decision situation. Fourth, the use of computers is needed due
to the complexity of the problems and need for mathematical analysis.
Answer 15: Your answer should be similar to the follow:
The contingency approach to management emphasizes the viewpoint that what
managers do in practice depends on, or is contingent upon, a given set of
circumstances—a situation. This approach attempts to outline the conditions or
situations in which various management methods have the best chance of being
successful.
Answer 17: Your answer should be similar to the follow:
A system is a number of interdependent parts functioning as a whole for some
purpose. An example would be the human body whose interdependent parts
include many organs and tissues, many of which are highly specialized.
Answer 16: Your answer should be similar to the follow:
The theory behind the systems approach to management is that to understand
fully the operation of an entity, the entity must be viewed as a system.
OPEN UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA ON ARAB CAMPUS BMOM5203
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Answer 18: Your answer should be similar to the follow:
A closed system does not interact with its environments, nor is it influenced by
them. Such systems are mostly mechanical. Open systems, on the other hand,
are constantly interacting with their environments. They are both influenced by
and have influence upon their environment.
Answer 19: Your answer should be similar to the follow:
“Wholeness” simply means that the system must be viewed as a whole and that
modification of the system must be made only through changes in the parts of
the system. More specifically, any analysis of the system must be made in the
context of the whole system, not any one part. In system analysis, the concept
of wholeness must be emphasized. Studies of the interdependent parts must be
secondary to analysis of the whole. The key to system analysis is an
understanding of the “whole,” the nature of the parts, their role and function in
the whole, and their integration and interrelatedness in the whole.
Answer 20: Your answer should be similar to the follow:
A management system is composed of a number of parts that function
interdependently to achieve a purpose.
Answer 21: Your answer should be similar to the follow:
The system consists of three main parts: (1) organizational input, (2)
organizational process, and (3) organizational output. More simply stated, these
parts are resources, the production process, and finished goods. These three
parts function in unison to achieve organizational objectives.
Answer 22: Your answer should be similar to the follow:
Triangular management is a management approach that emphasizes using
information from the classical, behavioral, and management science schools of
thought to manage the open management system.
Answer 23: Your answer should be similar to the follow:
A learning organization is an organization that does well in creating, acquiring,